BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 1

MAKALAH BAHASA INGGRIS

Nama Kelompok :

1.     Agnes Pricilia

2.     Giva Vernando

3.     Laurensius Haryo Yudiantoro

4.     Nixon Joselino Suki

5.     Pesta Renika Hutabarat

FAKULTAS EKONOMI

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

JAKARTA

2019

1.         Type of Formal Letters

a.         Order Letters / Inquiry letters

These order letters are usually sent by consumers or business people to producers, retailers or wholesalers to order goods or services. These letters contain certain information such as model number, product name, desired quantity and expected price along with a price list. Payments are also sometimes included with this letter.

b.         Sales Letters

Sales letters are used to promote certain products and services. A sales letter must clearly state the advantages of using certain products because with this letter you are trying to promote to others about the product. Ideally, a sales letter should highlight an important problem and then explain how the problem can be solved using your product.

c.         Acceptance letter

Acceptance Letter or Accepting Letter is a type of letter written to communicate a positive response towards job offer, invitation, gift, offer, contract, scholarship and other matters which require the intended. Acceptance Letters are most widely used by prospective employers who have received a job offer. It is professional etiquette to do so as it shows your gratitude, reaffirms the details and conditions of the offer. It also removes any misunderstanding on part of the either party. Accept letter is also a formality; this is because even if you have verbally accepted the offer, you have to confirm it on document.

d.         Claim Letter

A claim letter is a persuasive letter sent by a customer to a business or agency to identify a problem with a product or service and can also be referred to as a letter of complaint.

e.         Adjusting a Claim

An adjustment letter is usually sent in response to a claim or complaint. If the adjustment supports the customer, start the letter with the news. If not, keep the factual tone and let the customer know that you understand the complaint.

f.          Apology letters

           Apology Letter is a letter written simply to apologise to someone for one’s mistake. A letter of apology is also a mean to mend up broken or troubled relationship between two people or two organisations. Sometimes apologising in-person is not easy because of inflated egos or when both parties are guilty; here a written apology can break the ice between two parties. Sometimes we don’t have apt communication skills to apologise face to face; here too letters can act as mediator between two offended parties.

g.         Cover Letters

A cover letter is one that is sent along with your CV, when you apply for a job. The purpose of the cover letter is to get a positive response from your prospective employer by highlighting the plus points in your curriculum vitae.

h.         Letters of Resignation

When an employee plans to leave his job, a resignation letter is usually sent to the manager directly and provides information about when the last day of work. In many cases, employees will also clarify their reasons for leaving the company.

i.          Letters of Recommendation

Recommendation letters are also commonly used as one of the must-have letters if someone wants to continue their education to a higher level. Letters of recommendation may be given by previous employers, professors / teachers, or other competent persons. This letter usually describes a good professional relationship between the sender and the job seeker.

2. Introducing Yourself

In this example, Peter and Jane are meeting for the first time at a social event. After greeting each other, they begin by asking simple personal questions. Working with a friend or classmate, take turns practicing this role-play.

·         Peter: Hello.

·         Jane: Hi!

·         Peter: My name is Peter. What's your name?

·         Jane: My name is Jane. Nice to meet you.

·         Peter: It's a pleasure. This is a great party!

·         Jane: Yes, it is. Where are you from?

·         Peter: I'm from Amsterdam.

·         Jane: Amsterdam? Are you German?

·         Peter: No, I'm not German. I'm Dutch.

·         Jane: Oh, you're Dutch. Sorry about that.

·         Peter: That's OK. Where are you from?

·         Jane: I'm from London, but I'm not British.

·         Peter: No, what are you?\

·         Jane: Well, my parents were Spanish, so I'm Spanish, too.

·         Peter: That's very interesting. Spain is a beautiful country.

·         Jane: Thank you. It is a wonderful place.

Key Vocabulary

In the previous example, Peter and Jane are introducing themselves. Several important phrases that they use in this exchange are:

·         My name is...

·         Where are you from?

·         I'm from... (city, state, or country)

·         Are you... (Spanish, American, German, etc.)

Introducing Other People

Introductions in Formal Situations

Introductions can occur between more than two people, for example at a party or at a business meeting. When you meet someone for the first time, it is common to greet them by saying, "It's a pleasure to meet you," or "Pleased to meet you." It is polite to respond by repeating the statement back at them, as Mary does in this example:

·         Ken: Peter, I'd like you to meet Mary.

·         Peter: It's a pleasure to meet you.

·         Mary: It's a pleasure to meet you too!

·         Ken: Mary works for...

Introductions in Informal Situations

In informal situations, especially in North America, introductions are also made simply saying, "This is (name)." It is also common to just say "Hi" or "Hello" as a response in this informal setting.

·         Ken: Peter, this is Mary.

·         Peter: Hi. How are you?

·         Mary: Hello! Pleased to meet you.

·         Ken: Mary works for...

Common Introductory Phrases

As you can see in the previous examples, there are a number of different phrases that are commonly used to introduce strangers:

·         (name), I don't think you've met (name).

·         I don't think you know (name)

·         May I introduce you to (name)

·         (name), do you know (name)?

·         (name), I'd like you to meet (name)

3. HOW TO: TALK ON THE PHONE IN ENGLISH

Step by Step Guide:

·         Begin any call with a greeting, and introduce yourself (‘Good morning, it is Lily calling’).

·         Once introductions are complete, state your purpose and, if the person who answers the call is not who you are  ringing to speak to, politely ask for the person you want (e.g. ‘I am ringing about…’; ‘Could I please speak to...’).

·         When receiving a call where the purpose is not clear, make sure your inquiries are made courteously (e.g. ‘What can I help you with?’). If uninterested, decline politely before ending the call (e.g. ‘I’m sorry, but I am not interested, thank you’).

·         To end a call, sign off with ‘goodbye’ and perhaps an appropriate pleasantry (e.g. ‘It was a pleasure talking to you’).

·         You may also here wish to confirm any plans made or information exchanged (e.g. ‘I will see you at your office on Wednesday at 3 pm for the interview’).

·         If the appropriate person is not available then leave/take a message. To do this, follow the same rules as above, ensuring you leave/take any necessary contact details (e.g. ‘Hello, it’s Frank…no, sorry, Thomas is not here at the moment, but if you leave your name and number I will tell him to call you back’).

Phone Vocabulary:

Formal/Informal Vocabulary:

When talking on the telephone, it is important to use the correct level of formality.

If talking to someone you are close to, such as a friend or a sibling, you may want to tell a silly joke or use informal language, such as using ‘hey’ as a greeting.

However it can be rude and/or unprofessional to be too informal when talking to certain people. (For example, current or potential future employers.) Generally speaking, use a polite greeting, refer to them as ‘Mr …’; ‘Mrs …’, or 'Miss...' and be courteous in your tone and choice of language: use ‘can’, ‘may’, ‘would’ and ‘could’.

  

Difficult Vocabulary:

Some phrases commonly used on the telephone can be confusing.  Some of these are explained below:

·         ‘This is he/she’: this is the person you are asking for.

·         ‘I didn't catch that’: I didn't hear that.

·         ‘Give me a buzz later’: ring me later.

·         ‘Please hold’: I have to leave the call for a moment, please stay on the phone.

·         ‘Hang on’: wait for a moment.

·         ‘Hang up’: end the telephone call.

General Tips:

• Prepare what you’re going to say before the call to organize your ideas and provide support for you if you get confused.
• Always remain polite and use ‘please’ and ‘thank you’.
• Speak slowly and clearly in plain English.
• If you are having trouble understanding the person on the phone, you can explain that you are still learning English. Politely ask them to please speak more slowly or to repeat what they said.

 Practice both social and formal phone conversations in English with a friend, using this post as a guide. In no time you will be comfortable and relaxed on the telephone no matter who you are talking to!

Vocabulary Used:

·         Courteously: in a polite manner.

·         Pleasantry: a polite social remark.

·         Formality: stiffness of behavior or style.

4         4.      The company's organizational structure

1.         CEO

            The CEO stands for Chief Executive Officer, meaning the Highest Executive Officer.

2.         President Director

            President Director is the person who has the largest share in the company.

3.         Vice President Director

Vice President Director is a person who represents or is a representative of the President Director.

4.         Commissioner

            Commissioner is a shareholder of both small and large-value shares in a company.

5.         Director

            Director is someone who is appointed to lead or who has his own company.

6.         General Manager

General Manager is someone who is appointed to be responsible for some part of the company or office.

7.         Assistant Manager

Assistant Manager or deputy manager is a person who is assigned to help the work of managers, be it senior, general manager.

8.         Leader

The leader whose position is under the supervisor, is tasked to lead one part in a company.

9.         Staff

Staff are workers, employees who are employed in accordance with the fields and positions in the company such as finance, warehouse, purchasing, bookkeeping, staffing and so on.